Article title maximum 10 words, 16 points, calibri (Body) font, bold

Author 1 Name^1*, Author 2 Name², Author 3 Name³

¹Affiliation author 1

²Affiliation author 2

³Affiliation author 3

* Corresponding author. author1@email.domain

Abstract

An abstract consists of several key elements, each serving a distinct purpose in summarizing the paper within the confines of a concise paragraph, ranging from 200 to 300 words. Firstly, it begins by providing the research's context and objective, succinctly introducing readers to the subject matter and the primary question or purpose of the study. This initial segment sets the stage, enabling readers to grasp the broader significance of the research. Following this, the abstract offers a glimpse into the methodology employed in the study, briefly outlining the research design, data collection methods, and any analytical techniques used. These methodological insights give readers a sense of how the research was conducted. Next, the abstract pivots to the study's results, encapsulating the most critical findings, salient data points, and any noteworthy trends or patterns observed during the investigation. Subsequently, the conclusion portion of the abstract synthesizes the research's implications and significance within the broader scientific context. It often underscores the study's contributions to the field and may offer recommendations for further research or applications.

Keywords

Additionally, most abstracts include a list of maximum five (5) keywords/phrases in lowercase, carefully selected terms that encapsulate the primary themes or subjects explored in the research. These keywords facilitate the discoverability of the research paper in the Internet by helping other researchers identify its relevance to their own work.

Introduction

The introduction section serves as a critical foundation for the research, and authors should adhere to specific guidelines to ensure its effectiveness. To begin, it's essential to provide readers with a clear understanding of the research's context and significance. This entails explaining why the chosen topic is relevant within the larger academic landscape and identifying gaps or unresolved issues in the existing literature that the study intends to address. By doing so, authors can establish the motivation behind their research and convey its importance to the readers. In the next paragraph(s), authors should articulate their primary research question or hypothesis concisely and directly. This statement should guide readers in understanding the central focus of the study, enabling them to anticipate what will be explored further in the article. A well-defined research question or hypothesis is a crucial element in engaging the audience and driving the research forward.

Moving forward, authors should dedicate a section to the literature review to give the picture of the current state in the field. The authors should summarize relevant prior research in the field, emphasizing key studies, theories, and findings directly related to the research question. This not only demonstrates the author's familiarity with existing literature but also helps readers establish the context in which the study operates. A well-structured literature review enhances the credibility and depth of the introduction. In another paragraph, authors may introduce any theoretical framework or conceptual model that forms the foundation of their research. This is particularly relevant when the study builds upon or extends existing theories. By elucidating the theoretical underpinnings, authors provide readers with insight into the conceptual framework that guides their investigation.

Continuing, authors should outline the specific objectives or aims of the study in a dedicated paragraph. Additionally, they should describe the scope of their research, including any limitations or boundaries that may affect the study's interpretation. These details help readers understand the parameters within which the research was conducted.

To conclude the introduction, authors should summarize the potential significance and contribution of their research. This paragraph should highlight how the study advances the field or addresses gaps in knowledge, reinforcing the importance of the research and setting the stage for the subsequent sections of the article.

Methods

The Method section is a critical component where authors provide a comprehensive account of how their research was conducted. This section should be meticulously structured to allow readers to understand and replicate the study's methodology. Here's a breakdown of the key elements that should be included in the Method section, presented in separate paragraphs:

To commence, authors should offer a detailed explanation of the research design employed in their study. This entails describing the overall approach taken, whether it's experimental, observational, survey-based, or qualitative, among others. The rationale behind choosing this particular design should also be elucidated, highlighting its appropriateness for addressing the research question. In the subsequent paragraph, authors should delve into the specifics of data collection. This includes elucidating the data sources, whether they are primary or secondary, and detailing how data was gathered. For surveys or experiments, authors should elaborate on the survey instruments or experimental procedures utilized. Additionally, authors must address any ethical considerations, such as obtaining informed consent or following institutional review board (IRB) protocols, to ensure the study's ethical rigor.

A separate section should be dedicated to the participants or subjects involved in the research. Authors should describe the characteristics of the study population, including demographic information such as age, gender, and any relevant inclusion or exclusion criteria. This provides readers with a clear understanding of the sample used in the study.

Authors should also elaborate on the data analysis procedures in a dedicated paragraph. This entails describing the statistical or analytical techniques employed to analyze the collected data. Specify any software or tools used for data processing and analysis. Ensure transparency by outlining the steps taken to address data quality and any potential biases.

In the Method section, authors should address the validity and reliability of their research. Explain how the study's design, data collection methods, and analysis procedures contribute to the overall validity and reliability of the findings. Discuss any measures taken to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the results.

In closing, authors should provide a succinct summary of the entire Method section, highlighting the key methodological choices and procedures that were central to the research. This helps readers grasp the overarching methodology before delving into the subsequent sections of the article.

Results

The Results section is where authors present their research findings, analyze the data, and interpret the results in the context of the research objectives. This section should be structured to effectively communicate the outcomes of the study. Here's a breakdown of the key elements that should be included in the Results and Discussions section, presented in separate paragraphs:

To begin, authors should introduce the Results section, outlining its purpose and emphasizing that it is a factual presentation of the research findings. This section should start with a clear and concise summary of the main results. Authors can use tables, figures, and charts in high definiton quality to present key data, making it easier for readers to grasp the essential findings at a glance.In the next paragraph, authors should provide detailed and organized presentation of the research results. Data should be presented in a logical order, typically following the sequence of the research objectives or research questions. Ensure that all data is accurately and clearly labeled, and any statistical analyses are properly explained.

Discussions

The Discussions section should be introduced. Authors should emphasize that this section is where they interpret and contextualize the findings. It's important to link the results back to the research question or hypothesis stated in the introduction, demonstrating how the data addresses these elements.

In separate paragraphs within the Discussions section, authors should discuss the implications of their findings. Explain the significance of the results in relation to the research objectives and the broader field of study. Address how the findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge, and if applicable, highlight any practical applications or policy recommendations.

Authors should also acknowledge any limitations of their study in another paragraph. Be transparent about potential constraints, such as sample size, data collection limitations, or methodological issues. Discuss how these limitations might have influenced the results and interpretations.

Furthermore, a separate paragraph should be dedicated to the comparison of the study's findings with prior research. Discuss how your results align with or diverge from previous studies and theories. This demonstrates your awareness of the existing literature and your ability to contextualize your work within it.

Authors should conclude the Discussions section with a concise summary of the key takeaways. Restate the main findings, their significance, and any practical or theoretical implications. Avoid introducing new information or data in the conclusion; instead, provide a clear and concise synthesis of the entire discussion.

Conclusions

The Conclusions section of the article serves as the culmination of the research, where authors distill the key takeaways and summarize the implications of their study. This section should be structured to provide a clear and concise summary of the research's significance and contributions. Here's how to structure the Conclusions section, presented in separate paragraphs:

To commence, authors should introduce the Conclusions section by summarizing the primary findings and their implications. Emphasize that this section is where you bring together the key points of the study and provide a cohesive overview of what the research has achieved.

In the next paragraph, authors should reiterate the primary research question or hypothesis posed at the beginning of the article. Then, succinctly state whether the research has supported or contradicted the initial hypothesis. This clarity helps readers quickly understand the outcome of the study.

Authors should dedicate a separate paragraph to summarizing the main findings of the research. Highlight the most significant results and key data points that emerged from the study. Avoid introducing new data or information in this section; instead, focus on a concise synthesis of the previously presented results.

In another paragraph, authors should discuss the broader implications of their findings. Explain how the research contributes to the field and addresses the gaps or issues identified in the introduction. Discuss any theoretical, practical, or policy implications that arise from the study's results.

Next, authors should address the limitations of the research in a separate paragraph. Be transparent about any constraints or challenges encountered during the study, such as sample size limitations, data collection issues, or methodological constraints. Acknowledge how these limitations may have affected the study's outcomes.

Authors should also suggest avenues for future research in another paragraph. Identify areas where further investigation is warranted, building upon the current study's findings. This demonstrates a forward-thinking approach and invites other researchers to explore related topics.

Finally, authors should offer a concise and impactful closing statement in the last paragraph of the Conclusions section. Summarize the main contributions of the research, restate its significance, and leave readers with a key takeaway that encapsulates the study's core message.

Acknowledgements

The Acknowledgment section serves as a heartfelt expression of gratitude to individuals and organizations that have contributed to the successful completion of the research project. This section acknowledges the guidance and support of advisors, mentors, colleagues, and participants, as well as any financial assistance from funding agencies. It also recognizes the role of friends and family in providing encouragement and understanding during the research journey. The Acknowledgment section is a way for authors to demonstrate appreciation for the collective efforts that have made the research possible, fostering a sense of community and recognition within the academic or professional sphere.

References

The references section consists of the last five (5) years of related research cited in the body of the article. A minimum of 20 references are required from primary sources (journals, proceedings, primary data, protocols, etc.). This section is using the Vancouver style format for its presentation. The body text of the article uses Vancouver citation format. Below is the example of the list of references:

Journal article:

1. Nindrea RD. Impact of telehealth on the environment during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Asia Pac J Public Health. 2023;35(2-3):227.

2. Gusnedi G, Nindrea RD, Purnakarya I, Umar HB, Andrafikar, Syafrawati, et al. Risk factors associated with childhood stunting in Indonesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2023;32(2):184-195. 

Books:

3. Nindrea RD. Introduction to the practical steps of meta-analysis study. Yogyakarta: Gosyen Publishing; 2015.

Book chapter with editor(s):

4. Meltzer PS, Kallioniemi A, Trent JM. Chromosome alterations in human solid tumors. In: Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, editors. The genetic basis of human cancer. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2002. p. 93-113.

Online article:

5. Wells GA, Shea B, O’Connell D, Peterson J, Welch V, Losos M, et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. 2009. [Last accessed on 2021 Apr 19]. Available from: http://www.ohri.ca/programs/clinical_epidemiology/oxford.asp.

 

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